Compressor

The Air Conditioning Compressor

The air conditioning compressor is one of the most important components of a car’s climate control system. Its main function is to compress and circulate the refrigerant gas through the system, allowing the air that enters the cabin to be cool and comfortable. Without this component, the air conditioning system could not function properly.

Function of the Compressor

The compressor acts as the heart of the air conditioning system. Its job is to:

• Draw in low-pressure refrigerant gas from the evaporator.
• Compress the refrigerant to increase its pressure and temperature.
• Send the compressed gas to the condenser, where it cools down and continues the cycle.

The energy to power the compressor comes from the car’s engine via a pulley and belt, or in modern vehicles, through electric systems.

Lifespan

The compressor’s lifespan may vary depending on several factors such as:

• Air conditioning usage: Excessive use, especially in very hot climates, can reduce its lifespan.
• System maintenance: Checking refrigerant levels and the condition of hoses is key.
• Quality of the compressor and refrigerant used.

Under normal conditions and with proper maintenance, the average lifespan of a compressor is between 8 and 12 years, or approximately 150,000 to 200,000 km. However, a failure in other system components, such as the condenser, dryer filter, or expansion valve, can shorten this time.

Symptoms of a Faulty Compressor

Some signs that the compressor may be failing include:

• The air conditioner stops cooling or cools poorly.
• Metallic noises or squealing when the AC is turned on.
• Visible refrigerant leaks in the compressor.
• Strange odors inside the vehicle when turning on the AC.

Tips to Extend Its Lifespan

• Run the air conditioning regularly, even in winter, to keep the compressor lubricated.
• Check and replace the refrigerant according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
• Keep the condenser clean to avoid pressure overloads.
• Avoid turning on the AC when the car is off or during extreme heat for long periods.

Interesting Facts

• The compressor is one of the most expensive components to replace in the AC system.
• Poor maintenance can cause other parts of the system to fail, leading to more costly repairs.
• There are different types of compressors: piston, scroll, rotary, and electric, each designed for different models and needs.